Ngā tohu dengue (kirika dengue): ngā tohu tōmua, ngā tohu whakatūpato e kore e taea te tatari, me te tiaki haumaru i te kāinga

He kirika teitei, he ānini pākia, he mamae karu, mamae kōiwi? Anei te āhua noa o te dengue, te wā mōrearea i muri i te hekenga o te kirika, me ngā rongoā haumaru hei kai.

I whakahoutia · Ngā mātāpuna

Whakautu poto

He aha ngā tohu o te dengue?

I te nuinga ka tīmata te dengue i te 4 ki te 10 rā i muri i te ngau a te waeroa, me te kirika teitei ohorere, te ānini kaha, te mamae i muri i ngā karu, te mamae o ngā uaua, ngā hononga me ngā kōiwi, te hiahia ruaki, te ruaki rānei, ā, i ētahi wā he pukupuku kiri (rash). Ka mau ngā tohu mō te 2 ki te 7 rā. Kia mataara i te hekenga o te kirika: ko te mamae kaha o te puku, te ruaki tonu, te toto rānei, me tiki āwhina ohotata.

He mōhiohio hauora, ehara i te tohutohu hauora. E mōhio ana tō rata ki tō āhua katoa; pātai ki a ia mō tō hua.

Taha ki te taha

Dengue me te malaria: te rerekē o ngā kirika waeroa e rua

Ka tīmata ēnei e rua ki te kirika i muri i te ngau a te waeroa, ā, he noa i ngā wāhi ōrite o te ao, engari he rerekē te pānga mai, te maimoatanga me te whakamātautau. Ko ēnei ngā rerekētanga noa.

Te mea ka kitea e koeDengueMalaria
Te waeroaAedes, e ngau ana i te nuinga i te awateaAnopheles
Āhea tīmata ai ngā tohuI te nuinga 4 ki te 10 rā i muri i te ngauI te nuinga 10 ki te 15 rā i muri i te ngau
Te kirikaOhorere, teitei hoki, ka mau mō te 2 ki te 7 rāHe kirika me te wiriwiri me te ānini; he māmā pea ngā tohu tōmua
Ngā mamae noaĀnini kaha, mamae i muri i ngā karu, mamae uaua, hononga, kōiwi hokiĀnini me te ngenge
Āhea ka mōreareaI te nuinga i te hekenga o te kirika, i roto i te 24 ki te 48 hāora i muri i tōna mutungaKa taumaha pea i roto i te 24 hāora ki te kore he maimoatanga
Ngā tohu mōreareaMamae kaha o te puku, ruaki tonu, toto mai i ngā kapia, i te ihu rānei, toto i te ruaki, i te tūtae rānei, te kore e tau (restlessness)Rangirua, hiamoe rānei, hūkiki (fits), uaua te hā, mimi pōuri, mimi toto rānei, kiri kōwhai, toto rerekē
RongoāKāore he rongoā motuhake; ko te paracetamol mō te kirika, kaua rawa te ibuprofen, te aspirin rāneiMe whai rongoā patu malaria (antimalarial) i ngā wā katoa, kia tōmua te tīmata
Te whakamātautauNS1 antigen, PCR rānei i ngā rā tuatahi e 7, IgM antibodies i muri i te rā 3, me te tatauranga plateletsHe whakamātautau tere, he tauira toto (blood film) rānei i raro i te karu whakarahi (microscope)

Ka taea anō e te typhoid, te chikungunya, te COVID-19 me ētahi atu pokenga te whakaputa kirika teitei. I ngā wāhi e noa ana te dengue, te malaria rānei, me whai whakamātautau toto mō ia kirika, i ētahi wā mō ēnei e rua.

Rārangi tohu dengue

Tohua ngā mea kua pono i ngā rā torutoru kua hipa. Ka whakaatu te kāri mēnā e hāngai ana ō tohu ki te dengue noa, kei roto rānei ngā tohu whakatūpato o te dengue taumaha (severe dengue). Kāore he mea e tiakina, e tukuna rānei ki hea.

Rārangi tohu dengue

0 o ngā tohu 15 kua tohua

Ngā tohu noa o te dengue0/8
Ngā tohu whakatūpato o te dengue taumaha0/7

Tohua ngā mea kua pono i ngā rā torutoru kua hipa.

Ka whakaraupapa tēnei rārangi i ō tohu hei tauira mā tō rata. Kāore e taea e ia te whakatau he dengue tōu: mā te whakamātautau toto anake e whakaū, ā, ka taea e ētahi atu pokenga, tae atu ki te malaria, te whakaputa i ngā tohu ōrite.

He aha te dengue, ā, ka pēhea e pā mai ai?

Ko te dengue (kirika dengue) he pokenga wheori ka horapa mā te ngau a ngā waeroa Aedes kua pāngia, e ngau ana i te nuinga i te awatea. Kāore e horapa tōtika mai i tētahi tangata ki tētahi atu.

He noa i ngā whenua pārūrū (tropical) me ngā whenua tata pārūrū: tata ki te haurua o te taupori o te ao kei te tūpono ināianei, ā, e ai ki te whakatau tata, 100 ki te 400 miriona ngā pokenga ia tau.

He māmā te nuinga o ngā pokenga, kāore rawa rānei he tohu. Tata ki te 1 i ia 4 o te hunga kua pāngia ka māuiui, ā, tata ki te 1 i ia 20 o te hunga ka māuiui ka pā ki te dengue taumaha (severe dengue), ka taea nei te whakaputa i te ohotanga (shock), te toto i roto i te tinana, me te mate.

E whā ngā momo wheori dengue. Ki te pāngia koe e tētahi momo, kāore koe e tiakina mai i ērā atu, ā, he nui ake te tūpono o te dengue taumaha i te pokenga tuarua.

He aha ngā tohu o te dengue, i ia rā, i ia rā?

I te nuinga ka tīmata ngā tohu i te 4 ki te 10 rā i muri i te ngau, i te nuinga he ohorere:

  • he kirika teitei, tata ki te 40°C (104°F)
  • he ānini kaha me te mamae i muri i ngā karu
  • he mamae uaua, hononga, kōiwi hoki (koia i kīia ai i ētahi wā ko te "breakbone fever", arā, te kirika whati kōiwi)
  • te hiahia ruaki, te ruaki rānei
  • ngā repe pupuhi
  • he pukupuku kiri (rash) tongitongi
ĀheaTe mea ka puta i te nuinga
4 ki te 10 rā i muri i te ngauKa tīmata ngā tohu, i te nuinga he ohorere
Te wā kirika, 2 ki te 7 rāKirika teitei, ānini, mamae i muri i ngā karu, mamae tinana, hiahia ruaki, pukupuku kiri
24 ki te 48 hāora i muri i te hekenga o te kirikaTe wā e puta ai ngā tohu whakatūpato i te nuinga, mēnā ka puta
Te whakaoranga, tata ki te 1 ki te 2 wikiKa ora te nuinga; ka mau pea te ngenge mō tētahi wā

Ahakoa ka pai ake tō rongo i te hekenga o te kirika, kāore anō kia mutu. I te nuinga ka puta te dengue taumaha i muri i te hekenga o te kirika, nō reira kia mataara tonu ki ngā tohu whakatūpato i raro nei mō ngā rā e 2 e whai ake nei.

He aha ngā tohu whakatūpato o te dengue taumaha?

Haere ki tētahi whare haumanu, ki te tari ohotata rānei i taua wā tonu mēnā kei tētahi tangata he dengue tōna:

  • he mamae kaha o te puku, he puku rānei e mamae ana ina pāngia
  • he ruaki 3 wā, neke atu, i roto i te 24 hāora, he ruaki rānei e kore e mutu
  • he toto mai i te ihu, i ngā kapia rānei
  • he toto i te ruaki, i te tūtae rānei
  • he tino ngenge, he kore e tau, he pukuriri rānei
  • he tere te hā, he tino hiainu rānei
  • he kiri kōmā, makariri, he tino ngoikore rānei

I te nuinga ka tīmata ēnei tohu i roto i te 24 ki te 48 hāora i muri i te hekenga o te kirika, ā, ka kino ake pea te dengue taumaha i roto i ngā hāora torutoru. He ohotata hauora te dengue taumaha, engari ina tōmua te maimoa i te hōhipera, ka ora te nuinga.

Nui ake te tūpono: te hunga kua pāngia e te dengue i mua, nā te mea ko te pokenga tuarua he nui ake te tūpono kia taumaha.

Ko ēhea whakamātautau e whakaū ana i te dengue, ā, me pēhea ngā platelets?

Ko te whakamātautau toto anake te huarahi e whakaū ai i te dengue. Ko tēhea whakamātautau, ka hāngai ki te rā o te māuiui:

  • Ngā rā 0 ki te 7: ka kitea te wheori e tētahi whakamātautau NS1 antigen, PCR rānei, i te nuinga i te taha o tētahi whakamātautau IgM antibody.
  • I muri i te rā 3: ka kitea e ngā whakamātautau IgM antibody te nuinga o ngā pokenga hou; i muri i te rā 7, ko rātou te whakamātautau matua. Ka noho tonu pea te IgM hei hua pai (positive) mō te 3 marama pea.
  • Ko te NS1, PCR rānei e kore e kitea he aha (negative), kāore e whakakore i te dengue, nō reira ka titiro anō ngā rata ki ngā tohu.

Ngā platelets. Ka tirohia te tatauranga toto katoa (CBC), i te nuinga i ngā wā maha. He maha ngā wā ka heke ngā platelets i te dengue, ā, ko te heke o ngā platelets me te piki o te haematocrit (te wāhanga o te toto he pūtau whero) tētahi o ngā panonitanga e mātaitia ana e ngā rata. Ka whakatau rātou i te maimoatanga mai i te āhua katoa, tae atu ki te āhua o te tangata, ehara i te tau platelets anake.

Tērā pea ka whakamātautau anō ngā rata mō te malaria, mō ētahi atu pokenga rānei ina kāore e mārama te take o te kirika.

Me pēhea te maimoa i te dengue, ā, he aha hei karo?

Kāore he rongoā motuhake mō te dengue. Ka ora te nuinga i te kāinga mā:

  • te okioki kia rawaka
  • te nui o te inu wai: he wai, he inu rānei kua tāpiria he tote me te huka (oral rehydration solution)
  • te paracetamol (ko te acetaminophen tōna ingoa i Amerika) mō te kirika me te mamae

Kaua e kai i te ibuprofen, i te aspirin, i ētahi atu rongoā mamae whakaheke kakā rānei. Ka whakapiki pea rātou i te tūpono o te toto i te dengue. Tirohia anō ngā rongoā rewharewha me te makariri, nā te mea kei roto ēnei i ētahi. Mō te nui tika o te paracetamol, whāia te pōkai, pātai rānei ki tētahi kaiwhakarite rongoā (pharmacist), ā, pātai ki tētahi rata mō te tamaiti.

Ārai i ngā waeroa kei ngau i a koe i te wiki tuatahi. Kei tō toto te wheori i taua wā, ā, ka taea e te waeroa ka ngau i a koe te tuku ki ētahi atu.

Ka maimoatia te dengue taumaha i te hōhipera, ko te nuinga mā te tuku wai āta whakaritea me te mātai tata. Kāore he rongoā kāinga, tae atu ki te rau papaya (papaya leaf), kua whakaūngia hei maimoa i te dengue: pātai ki tētahi rata i mua i te whakamātau, ā, kaua rawa e tukua kia whakatōmuri i te tiaki.

Me pēhea e ārai ai i te dengue?

  • Karohia ngā ngau, inarā i te awatea: kākahuria ngā kākahu ringa roa me ngā tarau roa, whakamahia ngā mata matapihi, ā, moe i raro i te kupenga waeroa mēnā ka moe koe i te awatea.
  • Whakamahia he rongoā pana ngārara kei roto te DEET, te picaridin, te IR3535 rānei, kia rite ki ngā tohutohu o te tapanga.
  • Whakakorea te wai tū e whakawhānau ai ngā waeroa: hīpokina, whakawāteatia, horoia ngā ipu wai, ngā pākete, ngā kōhua tipu me ngā pouaka whakamātao kotahi i te wiki.
  • Kano ārai mate (vaccine): kotahi te kano ārai mate dengue kua whakaaetia i ētahi whenua. Ka tūtohu te WHO mō ngā tamariki anake 6 ki te 16 tau te pakeke i ngā wāhi e kaha horapa ana te dengue; ka tukuna anō e ētahi whenua ki te hunga haereere kua pāngia e te dengue i mua. Pātai ki tō rata mēnā e hāngai ana ki a koe.

Āhea kite ai i te rata

Whakaritea he hui ki te rata

  • He kirika i a koe e noho ana, i muri rānei i tō haerenga, ki tētahi wāhi e noa ana te dengue: kite i te rata i taua rā tonu, i te rā e whai ake nei rānei, ā, tonoa he whakamātautau dengue me tētahi tatauranga platelets.
  • Kua whakataua he dengue tōu, ā, kei te whakaora koe i te kāinga: hoki atu mō ngā tirotiro me ngā tatauranga toto kia rite ki te auau e tohutohutia ana e tō rata.
  • I te hekenga o te kirika: kia mataara tonu ki ngā tohu whakatūpato mō te 24 ki te 48 hāora e whai ake nei, ā, hoki tōtika atu mēnā ka puta tētahi.
  • Kua pāngia koe e te dengue i mua, ā, e whakamahere ana koe ki te haere ki tētahi wāhi dengue: pātai ki tētahi rata mō te kano ārai mate i mua i tō haerenga.

Tikina he āwhina ohotata ināianei (waea atu ki te nama ohotata o tō rohe) mēnā kei tētahi tangata:

  • he mamae kaha o te puku, he ruaki rānei 3 wā, neke atu, i roto i te 24 hāora
  • he toto mai i te ihu, i ngā kapia rānei, he toto rānei i te ruaki, i te tūtae rānei
  • he tino ngenge, he kore e tau, he pukuriri rānei, he tere rānei te hā
  • he kiri kōmā, makariri, mākū-werawera rānei, he hemo, he tino ngoikore rānei

Ka ora te nuinga o te hunga he dengue tōna i te kāinga i roto i te 1 ki te 2 wiki. Ka puta pea ēnei tohu i te hekenga o te kirika, ā, ka kino ake i roto i ngā hāora: kaua e tatari kia ngaro, ā, kaua e taraiwa i a koe anō.

He kirika, he mamae tinana i te wā dengue? Kōrerotia.

Ka whakarongo a Saluvo ki ō tohu, i ō ake kupu, i tō ake reo, ka tirotiro tuatahi i ngā tohu whakatūpato, ā, ka kī atu ko tēhea rata hei kite māu, ā, kia hohoro pēhea. He tatauranga toto, he whakamātautau dengue rānei kē tōu? Ka whakamāramatia e ia ia uara, tae atu ki ngā platelets.

Pātai mō aku tohu

Kore utu te tīmata. Kōrerotia tō āhua i ō ake kupu, i tō ake reo.

Ngā pātai a te iwi

  • I te nuinga he kirika teitei ohorere, tata ki te 40°C (104°F), i te 4 ki te 10 rā i muri i te ngau a te waeroa, me te ānini kaha, te mamae i muri i ngā karu, me te mamae uaua, hononga, kōiwi hoki. He noa anō te hiahia ruaki, te ruaki, ngā repe pupuhi me te pukupuku kiri (rash). He maha ngā pokenga he māmā ngā tohu, kāore rawa rānei he tohu.

  • I te nuinga ka mau te kirika mō te 2 ki te 7 rā, ā, ka ora te nuinga i roto i te 1 ki te 2 wiki. Ko te wā tino hira ko te hekenga o te kirika: i te nuinga ka puta ngā tohu whakatūpato o te dengue taumaha i roto i te 24 ki te 48 hāora i muri i tōna mutunga. Ka mau pea te ngenge mō ētahi wiki i muri i te whakaoranga.

  • He mamae kaha o te puku, he ruaki 3 wā, neke atu, i roto i te 24 hāora, he toto mai i te ihu, i ngā kapia rānei, he toto i te ruaki, i te tūtae rānei, he tino ngenge, he kore e tau rānei, he tere te hā, he tino hiainu, me te kiri kōmā, makariri, te tino ngoikore rānei. Ki te puta tētahi o ēnei, me haere ki tētahi whare haumanu, ki te tari ohotata rānei i taua wā tonu, ahakoa kua heke te kirika.

  • Ko te paracetamol (acetaminophen) mō te kirika me te mamae, me te okioki me te nui o te inu wai. Kaua e kai i te ibuprofen, i te aspirin, i ētahi atu rongoā mamae whakaheke kakā rānei: ka whakapiki pea rātou i te tūpono o te toto. Kāore he rongoā motuhake mō te dengue ake. Mō te nui tika, whāia te pōkai, pātai rānei ki tētahi kaiwhakarite rongoā (pharmacist), ā, pātai ki tētahi rata mō te tamaiti.

  • Kāore he tau kotahi e whakatau ana i a ia anō. Ko ngā platelets noa, tata ki te 150,000 ki te 450,000 ia microlitre (µL), ā, he maha ngā wā ka heke i te dengue. Ka mātai ngā rata i te ahunga, i te haematocrit me te āhua o te tangata, ehara i te tau platelets anake. Ko ngā tatauranga tino iti, ko tētahi toto rānei, me tiaki i te hōhipera; mā tō rata e kī atu te tikanga o tō tatauranga.

  • I ngā rā tuatahi e 7 o te māuiui, ka kitea te wheori e tētahi whakamātautau NS1 antigen, PCR rānei, i te nuinga me tētahi whakamātautau IgM antibody. I muri i te rā 3, ka kitea e ngā whakamātautau IgM te nuinga o ngā pokenga hou, ā, i muri i te rā 7 ko rātou te whakamātautau matua. Ko te NS1 e kore e kitea he aha (negative), kāore e whakakore i te dengue. Ka tirohia ngā platelets e te tatauranga toto katoa (CBC).

  • Āe. E whā ngā momo wheori dengue, ā, ki te pāngia koe e tētahi momo, kāore koe e tiakina mai i ērā atu. He nui ake te tūpono o te dengue taumaha i te pokenga tuarua. Mēnā kua pāngia koe e te dengue i mua, kia kaha ake te karo i ngā ngau, kite wawe i te rata ina kirika, ā, pātai mō te kano ārai mate i mua i te haere ki tētahi wāhi dengue.

  • Kāore e tōtika: kāore e taea te hopu mai i tētahi atu tangata mā te pā, te maremare, te tiritiri kai rānei. Ka horapa mā ngā waeroa. I te wiki tuatahi o te māuiui kei te toto te wheori, ā, ka taea e te waeroa ka ngau i taua wā te tuku atu, nō reira me karo te tangata māuiui i ngā ngau, hei tauira mā te moe i raro i te kupenga.

  • Kia nui te inu wai: he wai, he inu rānei kua tāpiria he tote me te huka, pērā i te oral rehydration solution. Kainga he kai māmā, ngāwari hoki ina taea e koe. Ko te tino hiainu, ko te tino iti iho o te mimi, ko te kore rānei e taea te pupuri wai nā te ruaki, he take ēnei kia kite tonu i te rata.

  • Kāore he rongoā kāinga, tae atu ki te wai rau papaya (papaya leaf), kua whakaūngia hei maimoa i te dengue, hei whakahaumaru ake rānei. Ko te tiaki kua whakaūngia ko te okioki, ko te nui o te inu wai, ko te paracetamol mō te kirika, me te mataara tata ki ngā tohu whakatūpato. Pātai ki tētahi rata i mua i te whakamātau i tētahi rongoā, ā, kaua rawa e tukua kia whakatōmuri i tō haere ki te hōhipera ina puta ngā tohu whakatūpato.

  • Ka ora te nuinga i roto i te 1 ki te 2 wiki, ahakoa ka mau pea te ngenge me te pōuri o te wairua mō ētahi wiki i muri. Okioki, kia pai te kai, ā, āta whakapiki i ō mahi. Kite i tō rata mēnā kāore koe e pai haere ana, mēnā ka puta rānei he tohu hou.

  • Kotahi te kano ārai mate dengue kua whakaaetia i ētahi whenua. Ka tūtohu te WHO mō ngā tamariki anake 6 ki te 16 tau te pakeke i ngā wāhi e kaha horapa ana te dengue, ā, ka tukuna anō e ētahi whenua ki te hunga haereere kua pāngia e te dengue i mua. Pātai ki tō rata mēnā e tika ana mōu. Ko te karo i ngā ngau waeroa tonu te tiaki matua.

  • He ōrite ētahi tohu, nō reira ko te whakamātautau toto anake te huarahi pono. I te nuinga ka mau mai te dengue i te mamae i muri i ngā karu, te mamae tinana, kōiwi hoki me te pukupuku kiri (rash), ka tīmata i te 4 ki te 10 rā i muri i te ngau. I te nuinga ka mau mai te malaria i te kirika me te wiriwiri, ka tīmata i te 10 ki te 15 rā i muri i te ngau, ā, me whai rongoā patu malaria (antimalarial) i ngā wā katoa. Tērā pea ka whakamātautau ngā rata mō ēnei e rua.

Ngā whakamātautau e āwhina ana

Rangitaki

Ngā mātāpuna

  1. WHO fact sheet: Dengue and severe dengue
  2. CDC: Symptoms of dengue and testing
  3. CDC: Manage dengue
  4. CDC: Clinical testing guidance for dengue
  5. NHS: Dengue
  6. WHO fact sheet: Malaria

I whakahoutia . He mōhiohio hauora, ehara i te tohutohu hauora. E mōhio ana tō rata ki tō āhua katoa; pātai ki a ia mō tō hua.