Gwaje-gwajen lab
Gwaje-gwajen lab, bayani cikin sauƙaƙan kalmomi
Abin da kowane gwaji ke aunawa, ma'aunin lafiya, abin da sakamako mai yawa ko mai ƙasa ke nufi, da lokacin da ya dace a ga likita.
CBC
Gwajin jini na CBC (complete blood count): ma'aunin al'ada da abin da sakamakonku ke nufi
CBC na nufin complete blood count, wato cikakken ƙidayar jini. Yana auna jajayen ƙwayoyin jini da haemoglobin (masu ɗaukar iskar oxygen), fararen ƙwayoyin jini (masu yaƙi da cututtuka) da platelets (masu taimaka wa jini ya daskare). Ma'aunin da aka saba gani ga manya: haemoglobin 13.5 zuwa 17.5 g/dL ga maza da 12.0 zuwa 15.5 ga mata, fararen ƙwayoyin jini 4,000 zuwa 11,000 a kowane µL, platelets kuma 150,000 zuwa 450,000 a kowane µL.
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HbA1c
Gwajin HbA1c na sukarin jini: ma'aunin al'ada, jadawali da abin da sakamakonku ke nufi
HbA1c na al'ada yana ƙasa da 5.7% (39 mmol/mol). 5.7% zuwa 6.4% (39 zuwa 47 mmol/mol) shi ne matakin farkon ciwon suga (prediabetes), kuma 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) ko sama da haka yana cikin matakin ciwon suga, wanda likita ke tabbatarwa da gwaji na biyu. HbA1c yana nuna matsakaicin sukarin jininku na kusan watanni uku, kuma ba kwa buƙatar azumi kafin gwajin.
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Lipid profile
Gwajin kitsen jini (lipid profile): ma'aunin al'ada na cholesterol, HDL, LDL da triglycerides
Ga yawancin manya, matakan da ake so su ne: jimillar cholesterol ƙasa da 200 mg/dL (5.2 mmol/L), LDL (cholesterol "mara kyau") ƙasa da 100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L), HDL (cholesterol "mai kyau") 40 mg/dL ko fiye ga maza da 50 ko fiye ga mata, da triglycerides ƙasa da 150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L). Masu ciwon suga ko cutar zuciya yawanci ana ba su matakin LDL da ya fi ƙasa.
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TSH
Gwajin TSH na thyroid: matakin al'ada, cikakken suna, da ma'anar TSH mai yawa ko ƙasa
TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone, wato sinadarin da ke motsa thyroid) na al'ada ga yawancin manya kusan 0.4 zuwa 4.0 mIU/L ne, ko da yake ɗakunan gwaji sun ɗan bambanta. TSH mai yawa yawanci yana nufin thyroid yana aiki ƙasa da yadda ya kamata, domin ƙwaƙwalwa tana ƙara tura thyroid mai jinkiri. TSH mai ƙasa kuma yawanci yana nufin thyroid yana aiki fiye da kima. Likitoci suna karanta shi tare da free T4, kuma iyakokin sun bambanta a lokacin ciki da kuma a tsufa.
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Vitamin D
Gwajin vitamin D: matakin al'ada, alamomin ƙarancin vitamin D da inda ake samun sa
Ana auna vitamin D a matsayin 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Ƙasa da 20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L) ƙaranci ne, ƙasa da 12 ng/mL (30 nmol/L) kuma ƙaranci ne mai tsanani. Yawancin masana suna ganin 20 ng/mL ko fiye ya isa don lafiyar ƙashi, kuma ɗakunan gwaji da yawa suna rubuta 30 zuwa 100 ng/mL a matsayin iyakar al'ada. Sama da kusan 50 ng/mL ba ya ƙara wani amfani, kuma matakin da ya yi yawa sosai yana iya cutarwa.
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Creatinine
Gwajin creatinine (aikin ƙoda): matakin al'ada, mai yawa da ma'anar sakamakonku
Serum creatinine na al'ada kusan 0.7 zuwa 1.3 mg/dL (62 zuwa 115 µmol/L) ne ga manyan maza, da 0.6 zuwa 1.1 mg/dL (53 zuwa 97 µmol/L) ga manyan mata, ko da yake kowane ɗakin gwaji yana rubuta nasa iyaka. Creatinine shara ce da ƙoda ke tacewa, don haka lamba mai yawa na iya nufin ƙoda tana tace ƙasa da yadda ya kamata. Likitoci suna karanta shi tare da eGFR ɗinku.
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Ferritin
Gwajin ferritin: matakin al'ada, ferritin mai ƙasa ko mai yawa, da ma'anar sakamakonku
Iyakar ferritin da aka saba gani ga manya kusan 24 zuwa 336 ng/mL ce ga maza, da 11 zuwa 307 ng/mL ga mata, ko da yake ɗakunan gwaji sun bambanta. Ƙasa da 15 ng/mL yana nufin ajiyar iron ta ƙare, kuma 15 zuwa 30 sau da yawa ya isa ya kawo alamomi. Ferritin yana kuma hawa idan akwai kumburi a jiki (inflammation), don haka likitoci suna karanta shi tare da haemoglobin da gwaje-gwajen iron ɗinku.
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